Real-time simulation of jet engines with digital computer. 1: Fabrication and characteristics of the simulator

The fabrication and performance of a real time jet engine simulator using a digital computer are discussed. The use of the simulator in developing the components and control system of a jet engine is described. Comparison of data from jet engine simulation tests with actual engine tests was conducted with good agreement

Bending and springback prediction method based on multi-scale finite element analyses for high bendability and low springback sheet generation

In this study, a sheet bendability and springback property evaluation technology through bending test simulations is newly developed using our multi-scale finite element analysis code, which is based on the crystallographic homogenization method

Convenient analysis of protein modification by chemical blotting with fluorogenic “click” reagents

Direct visualization of bioorthogonal alkyne or azide handles using fluorogenic azide–alkyne cycloaddition conducted on the surface of a blot membrane. The method eliminates the need for separation steps to remove excess small molecule reagents before attachment of antigen molecules or other visualization handles, and is especially useful for the analysis of peptides and small proteins. A variety of potential fluorogenic reagents are assessed, and sensitivity (<0.1 picomole) similar to current commercially available fluorescence imaging methods is possible

A High-Resolution Compton Scattering Study of the Electron Momentum Density in Al

We report high-resolution Compton profiles (CP's) of Al along the three principal symmetry directions at a photon energy of 59.38 keV, together with corresponding highly accurate theoretical profiles obtained within the local-density approximation (LDA) based band-theory framework. A good accord between theory and experiment is found with respect to the overall shapes of the CP's, their first and second derivatives, as well as the anisotropies in the CP's defined as differences between pairs of various CP's. There are however discrepancies in that, in comparison to the LDA predictions, the measured profiles are lower at low momenta, show a Fermi cutoff which is broader, and display a tail which is higher at momenta above the Fermi momentum. A number of simple model calculations are carried out in order to gain insight into the nature of the underlying 3D momentum density in Al, and the role of the Fermi surface in inducing fine structure in the CP's. The present results when compared with those on Li show clearly that the size of discrepancies between theoretical and experimental CP's is markedly smaller in Al than in Li. This indicates that, with increasing electron density, the conventional picture of the electron gas becomes more representative of the momentum density and that shortcomings of the LDA framework in describing the electron correlation effects become less important.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, regular articl

Crystal texture evolution analyses in metal drawing processes by using two-scale finite element method

Recently, the crystallographic control technology in the aluminum wire drawing process has been a key technology in the aluminum industries, which produces high-strength wires for the electric, automotive and aircraft parts. This newly proposed “process metallurgy” computational technology in the industrial forming process consists of the two-scale finite element (FE) analyses and the optimum design algorithm.We developed two-scale FE analyses code based on the crystallographic homogenization method by considering the hierarchical structure of polycrystal aluminium alloy metal. It can be characterized as the combination of two-scale structure, such as the microscopic polycrystal structure and the macroscopic elastic plastic continuum. Micro polycrystal structure is modelled as a three dimensional representative volume element (RVE). RVE is featured as 3x3x3 eight-nodes solid finite elements, which has totally 216 crystal orientations. This FE analyses code can predict the deformation, strain and stress evolutions in the wire drawing processes in the macro-scale, and simultaneously the crystal texture and hardening evolutions in the micro-scale. In this study, we analyzed the texture evolution in the “three passes” wire drawing processes by using our two-scale FE analyses code under conditions of various drawing angles of die. We evaluated the texture evolution in the surface and center regions of the wire cross section, and to clarify the effects of processing conditions on the texture evolution

The chemotherapeutic agent DMXAA as a unique IRF3-dependent type-2 vaccine adjuvant

5,6-Dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid (DMXAA), a potent type I interferon (IFN) inducer, was evaluated as a chemotherapeutic agent in mouse cancer models and proved to be well tolerated in human cancer clinical trials. Despite its multiple biological functions, DMXAA has not been fully characterized for the potential application as a vaccine adjuvant. In this report, we show that DMXAA does act as an adjuvant due to its unique property as a soluble innate immune activator. Using OVA as a model antigen, DMXAA was demonstrated to improve on the antigen specific immune responses and induce a preferential Th2 (Type-2) response. The adjuvant effect was directly dependent on the IRF3-mediated production of type-I-interferon, but not IL-33. DMXAA could also enhance the immunogenicity of influenza split vaccine which led to significant increase in protective responses against live influenza virus challenge in mice compared to split vaccine alone. We propose that DMXAA can be used as an adjuvant that targets a specific innate immune signaling pathway via IRF3 for potential applications including vaccines against influenza which requires a high safety profile